On merging DMA and microindentation to determine local mechanical properties of polymers

Ramakers-van Dorp, Esther; Haenel, Thomas; Sturm, Frank; Möginger, Bernhard; Hausnerová, Berenika

dc.title	On merging DMA and microindentation to determine local mechanical properties of polymers	en
dc.contributor.author	Ramakers-van Dorp, Esther
dc.contributor.author	Haenel, Thomas
dc.contributor.author	Sturm, Frank
dc.contributor.author	Möginger, Bernhard
dc.contributor.author	Hausnerová, Berenika
dc.relation.ispartof	Polymer Testing
dc.identifier.issn	0142-9418 Scopus Sources, Sherpa/RoMEO, JCR
dc.date.issued	2018
utb.relation.volume	68
dc.citation.spage	359
dc.citation.epage	364
dc.event.title	Elsevier Ltd
dc.type	article
dc.language.iso	en
dc.publisher	Elsevier
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.polymertesting.2018.04.020
dc.relation.uri	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142941818302836
dc.subject	Complex modulus	en
dc.subject	Dynamic mechanical analysis	en
dc.subject	Local mechanical properties	en
dc.subject	Microindentation	en
dc.subject	Static stiffness	en
dc.description.abstract	Micro- and nanoindentation and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) are different methods to determine mechanical and viscoelastic material properties. The aim of this study was to broaden the capabilities of their utilization by merging these methods. Three standard diamond indenters and a tungsten needle were implemented in a conventional DMA. Four types of standard polymers were investigated. Quasi-static microindentation was performed to determine local material static stiffness, and dynamic microindentation was performed to evaluate local material complex modulus. The results of the quasi-static microindentation showed that different static stiffnesses of the polymers can be distinguished. Even the smallest differences in local mechanical properties due to processing and annealing were distinguished. The complex moduli determined by dynamic microindentation were in good agreement with literature values and three-point bending results. It was shown that a conventional DMA is suitable to determine local and bulk mechanical viscoelastic material properties within one instrument. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd	en
utb.faculty	Faculty of Technology
utb.faculty	University Institute
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10563/1007915
utb.identifier.obdid	43878933
utb.identifier.scopus	2-s2.0-85046344384
utb.identifier.wok	000437076000044
utb.identifier.coden	POTED
utb.source	j-scopus
dc.date.accessioned	2018-05-18T15:12:07Z
dc.date.available	2018-05-18T15:12:07Z
dc.description.sponsorship	LO1504, NPU, Northwestern Polytechnical University; 03FH051PX4, MHE&SR, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research; BFWG, British Federation of Women Graduates; MEYS, Ministry of Education, Youth and Science; AHS, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
dc.description.sponsorship	German Ministry of Education and Research [03FH051PX4]; Graduates Institute, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic - Program NPU I [LO1504]
utb.ou	Centre of Polymer Systems
utb.contributor.internalauthor	Ramakers-van Dorp, Esther
utb.contributor.internalauthor	Hausnerová, Berenika
utb.fulltext.affiliation	Esther Ramakers-van Dorp a,b , Thomas Haenel a,1 , Frank Sturm a,2 , Bernhard Möginger a , Berenika Hausnerova b,c,∗ a Department of Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, von Liebigstrasse 20, 53359, Rheinbach, Germany b Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01, Zlin, Czech Republic c Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, tr. T. Bati 5678, 760 01, Zlin, Czech Republic * Corresponding author. Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01, Zlin, Czech Republic. E-mail address: hausnerova@ft.utb.cz (B. Hausnerova). 1 Present address: Netzsch Gerätebau GmbH, Wittelbacherstrasse 42, D-95100 Selb, Germany. 2 Present address: BioNTech AG, An der Goldgrube 12, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
utb.fulltext.dates	Received 22 February 2018 Accepted 13 April 2018
utb.fulltext.references	[1] ISO 6507, Metallic Materials, Vickers Hardness Test, (2016). [2] ASTM E384, Standard Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Materials, (2017). [3] ISO 4545, Metallic Materials-Knoop Hardness Test, (2015). [4] ISO 6508, Metallic Materials-Rockwell Hardness Test, (2015). [5] ASTM E18, Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials, (2017). [6] ISO 2039, Plastics, Determination of Hardness, Ball Indentation Method Rockwell, (2015). [7] ASTM D785, Standard Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials, (2015). [8] J.L. Loubet, B.N. Lucas, W.C. Oliver, Some measurements of viscoelastic properties with the help of nanoindentation, NIST Spec. Pub. SP 896 (1995) 31–34. [9] S.A.S. Asif, K.J. Wahl, R.J. Colton, Nanoindentation and contact stiffness measurement using force modulation with a capacitive load-displacement transducer, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 70 (1999) 2408. [10] S.A.S. Asif, K.J. Wahl, R.J. Colton, O.L. Warren, Quantitative imaging of nanoscale mechanical properties using hybrid nanoindentation and force modulation, J. Appl. Phys. 90 (2001) 1192. [11] S.A. Hayes, A.A. Goruppa, F.R. Jones, Dynamic nanoindentation as a tool for the examination of polymeric materials, J. Mater. Res. 19 (2004) 3298. [12] A.C. Fischer-Cripps, Multiple-frequency dynamic nanoindentation testing, J. Mater. Res. 19 (2004) 2981. [13] M.R. VanLandingham, Review of instrumented indentation, J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. 108 (2003) 249. [14] J. Zhou, K. Komvopoulos, Surface and interface viscoelastic behaviors of thin films investigated by nanoindentation, J. Appl. Phys. 100 (2006) 114329. [15] E.G. Herbert, W.C. Oliver, G.M. Pharr, Nanoindentation and the dynamic characterization of viscoelastic solids, J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 41 (2008) 1. [16] G.M. Odegard, T.S. Gates, H.M. Herring, Characterization of viscoelastic properties of polymer materials through nanoindentation, Exp. Mech. 45 (2005) 130. [17] C.C. White, M.R. VanLandingham, P.L. Drzal, N.-K. Chang, S.-H. Chang, Viscoelastic characterization of polymers using instrumented indentation. II. Dynamic Testing, J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys. 43 (2005) 1812. [18] W.C. Oliver, G.M. Pharr, An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments, J. Mater. Res. 7 (1992) 1564. [19] R.J. Young, P.A. Lovell, Introduction to Polymers, third ed., CRC Press, New York, 2011. [20] H. Hertz, On Contact of Elastic Solids and on Hardness, Mcmillan & Co, London, 1896, pp. 156–171. [21] I.N. Sneddon, Boussinesq's problem for a rigid cone, Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 44 (1948) 492–507. [22] I.N. Sneddon, The relation between load and penetration in axisymmetric Boussinesq problem for a punch of arbitrary profile, Int. J. Eng. Sci. 3 (1965) 47. [23] A.C. Fischer-Cripps, Critical review of analysis and interpretation of nanoindentation test data, Surf. Coat. Tech. 200 (2006) 4153. [24] W.C. Oliver, G.M. Pharr, Measurement of hardness and elastic modulus by instrumented indentation: advances in understanding and refinements to methodology, J. Mater. Res. 19 (2004) 3. [25] https://www.materialdatacenter.com, last access 8 February 2018. [26] https://www.campusplastics.com, last access 8 February 2018. [27] https://polymerdatabase.com, last access 28 March 2018. [28] K.L. Johnson, K. Kendall, A.D. Roberts, Surface energy and the contact of elastic solids, Porc. R. Soc. Lond. 324 (1971) 301. [29] D. Maugis, M. Barquins, Adhesive contact of a conial punch on an elstic half-space, J. Phys. Lett.Lett. 42 (1981) L-95.
utb.fulltext.sponsorship	This study was supported by the German Ministry of Education and Research. Grant No.: 03FH051PX4. The author also E. R. thanks the Graduates Institute, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, for supporting this work by granting a scholarship. The author B.H. acknowledges the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic – Program NPU I (LO1504).
utb.scopus.affiliation	Department of Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, von Liebigstrasse 20, Rheinbach, Germany; Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavrečkova 275, Zlin, Czech Republic; Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, tr. T. Bati 5678, Zlin, Czech Republic; Netzsch Gerätebau GmbH, Wittelbacherstrasse 42, Selb, Germany; BioNTech AG, An der Goldgrube 12, Mainz, Germany
utb.fulltext.projects	03FH051PX4
utb.fulltext.projects	LO1504