Tuning the curing efficiency of conventional accelerated sulfur system for tailoring the properties of natural rubber/bromobutyl rubber blends

Abstract

The state of cure and the vulcanizate properties of a conventional accelerated sulfur (CV) cured 50/50 blend of natural rubber (NR) and bromobutyl rubber (BIIR) were inferior. However, this blend exhibits a higher extent of cure with remarkable improvements in its mechanical properties, particularly the tensile strength, modulus and hardness after curing with a combination of accelerated sulfur and three parts per hundred rubber (phr) of a bismaleimide (MF3). Moreover, with the use of 0.25 phr of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) along with the CV/MF3 system, the compression set property of the CV-only cured blend could be reduced from 68% to 15%. The enhanced compatibility between NR and BIIR with the aid of bismaleimide via the Diels-Alder reaction was identified as the primary reason for the improved cure state and the mechanical properties. However, the incorporation of a certain amount of bismaleimide as a crosslink in the NR phase of the blend, via a radical initiated crosslinking process by the action of DCP, is responsible for the improved compression set properties.